Situated on the edge of the Western Ghats at an altitude of 750 metres above sea level, the hill town sprawls over seven small hills. Along with pleasant climatic conditions, the region has thick vegetation. During yesteryears, the town had several lakes, which have dried out. Some of the surviving water bodies among them are Sadhankeri, Kelgeri and Nuggikeri.
The name Dharwad, which means a place of rest during a long travel, is derived from a Sanskrit word. From centuries, the location has acted as a gateway between the Malenadu (western mountains) and the Bayalu seeme (plains). The district of Dharwad was formed in 1961 with a merger of the adjacent towns of Hubli and Dharwad. At present, the district is the second-largest in Karnataka, in terms of habitation, although the history of the region dates back to the Hoysala period.
Historical studies show that the district had been inhabited by people from the early Palaeolithic age. From the 5th century, the district has been ruled by various dynasties including the Badami and Kalyan Chalukyas, Rastrakutas, Adilshahi, Mysore kingdom and Peshawas of Pune. The small town served as an outpost of historic rulers like Aurangzeb, Shivaji, Aurangzeb's son Mu Azam, Peshwa Balaji Rao, Hyder Ali, Tipu Sultan and finally the British colonisers. During the British rule, the township has contributed immensely to Indian culture, music and literature. Along with a rich cultural background, the town is a beehive of business and trade activities.
Comprising the geographical divisions of Malenadu (forest area with red soil) and Belavalanaadu (Deccan plains with black soil), the region has diverse vegetation. Along with soil distinction, Dharwad has ample green cover all over it. Similar to the weather conditions of Karnataka, summers remain mildly hot, whereas, the monsoon season is wet with moderate showers. Winter months have a pleasant climate and are the best time to visit Dharwad.